Academician E. M. SHUKOV. The Main Results and Objectives of Historical Research in the Light of the 25th CPSU Congress Decisions.

Guided by the decisions of the 25th Congress of the CPSU, the author examines the tasks of Soviet historians in creating theoretical works demonstrating the operation of the laws of social development and bringing out the objective historical laws operating within the framework of definite socio-economic formations; in carrying out comprehensive specific investigations devoted to the various historical periods in the development of Russia, the Soviet Union and other countries, in preparing for publication new textbooks and works on popular science. The author highlights the achievements made by Soviet historical science during the Ninth Five-Year-Plan period and outlines the prospects of its further development.

S. V. POPOV. Working Youth in the Social Structure of Developed Socialist Society

Drawing on the materials furnished by the general census of the population of the U.S.S.R. taken in 1959 and 1970, as well as on other statistical sources, the author makes an attempt to determine the role of working youth in the social structure of developed socialist society and to show the increasing contribution made by young workers to the development of social production in the conditions of the scientific and technological revolution. Analyzing the sectoral and professional structure of young workers, the author comes to the conclusion that working youth is concentrated primarily in those branches and professional groups which are characterized by the highest rate of technological progress.

V. D. NAZAROV, V. T. PASHUTO, Academician L. V. CHEREPNIN. Problems of Feudal Russia's Socio-Political History as Reflected in Contemporary Historiography

The article reviews a number of research works devoted to the key problems of feudal Russia's socio-economic development and political history, which appeared between 1970 and 1975. The authors highlight the significant achievements of Soviet scientists specializing in the history of the Middle Ages, singling out the more promising trends of further research in the topical problems posed by the history of feudal Russia.

S. I. SIDELNIKOV, Soviet and Bulgarian Historiography of the April 1876 Uprising in Bulgaria

Marxist historians of the Soviet Union and Bulgaria have investigated most profoundly and comprehensively the socio-economic and political prerequisites of the April uprising and have studied very closely the alignment of class forces in the national-liberation movement before the uprising. The closest attention has been given to such important events as the formation and activity of the militant detachment commanded by Khristo Botev, the response evoked in other countries by the April uprising and the progress of the armed struggle in some of its centres. At the same time, research in the history of the Bulgarian revolutionary central committee and the local revolutionary committees has not received the attention it deserves. The socio-political programme put forward by the leading bodies of the uprising and by the various trends taking part in it has likewise been insufficiently investigated. Another problem of great urgency is the need to produce a comprehensive Marxist research work devoted to the history of the uprising.

A. EINE. Some Problems of the History of Hellenism

Hellenism is the result of the historical development of both Greco-Macedonian and Ancient Oriental societies. It represented a system of social relations evolved on the basis of the antique and ancient Oriental forms of property. While being for a short period the optimal variant of the socio-economic and political organization of slave- owning society, the Hellenistic social system did not form a stage in the development of the slave-owning formation as a whole. The internal evolution of Hellenism was largely determined by the correlation of the following two tendencies which manifested themselves in Hellenistic society: the antique and the ancient Oriental ways of development of the slave-owning formation. Hellenism was an important link in the continuity of the socio-economic relations existing between the East and the Roman Empire; contact between the East and the system of feudalism in the West was maintained through Hellenistic and Roman societies.

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B. G. SAPOZHNIKOV. China and the Imperialist Intervention in the Soviet Far East (1918-1922)

Persistent attempts are now being made in the People's Republic of China to explain the active part taken by the Peking government and Chang Tso-lin's militarist clique in the imperialist intervention in the Soviet Far East in 1918-1922 by the need "to protect the lives and property of Chinese citizens." Drawing on a number of authentic historical and literary sources, the author discloses the anti-Soviet essence and aims of the military agreements concluded between the governments of Tuan Tsi-jui and Japan on the joint struggle against Soviet Russia, cites a number of facts illustrating Peking's assistance to the Whiteguard atamans Semyonov and Kalmykov, the brigand raids and incursions in the Soviet Primorye Territory and Lake Baikal region from Manchuria, where the organizers of these raids were supplied with Chinese weapons, food and mercenaries, the participation of Chinese officers and soldiers in the occupation of Soviet territory. At the same time it is important to note that broad segments of Chinese workers were anxious to render all possible support and assistance to Soviet Russia.

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